Carrying out an arrest warrant depends on the cooperation and assistance of countries, specifically of the country where the fugitive is located and the country’s law enforcement making the arrest.

The case of Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir illustrates the issue with ICC arrest warrants. While two arrest warrants for crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide have been issued by the ICC, President al-Bashir is still at large. While some of his travel has been limited, President al-Bashir has traveled to numerous countries since then. He remains at large and his trial will not occur until Sudan or another country is willing to arrest and transfer him to the ICC. 

The Court, despite continuing difficulties, has also seen successful States Party cooperation. On May 23, 2008, the Pre-Trial Chamber issued an arrest warrant for Jean-Pierre Bemba. Following his arrest a day later, on July 1, 2008, a Belgian court ruled that Bemba should be sent to the ICC. The order was executed and Bemba made his initial appearance before the Court on July 4, 2008.